Church of Our Lady of the Rosary, Goa

The first thing that strikes you as you stand atop the Monte Santo, or Holy Hill, is the commanding view of Old Goa that it affords. According to local tradition, the Portuguese General Afonso de Albuquerque stood from this very vantage point, the highest in Velha Goa, and watched his troops overcome those of the Bijapur Sultan, Ismail Adil Shah, in 1510. In thanksgiving, the famed naval commander vowed to build a church on the same spot.

History

The church dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary, Goa, was built in fulfilment of that vow. Although the vow could not be fulfilled before his death in 1515, work on the church commenced in 1543 and was completed in 1547.

Architecture

Built in the classical Portuguese-Manueline style, the church of Our Lady of the Rosary has elements of the Gothic in its simple yet elegant facade. The vault above the altar and the retable show touches of the Renaissance, which was sweeping through Europe at that time. With only one nave and two side altars, the church is a modest affair, and indeed antiquity is its single largest claim to fame. It is perhaps the oldest chapel in Goa, standing undisturbed in its original stately appearance for nearly five centuries now. Although it did undergo renovation in 1897–1899, it remains largely unaltered.

It was in the church of Our Lady of the Rosary that the revered St Francis Xavier often taught catechism when it was first built.

Tombs and Inscriptions

On the floor in front of the altar is the tombstone of the Portuguese governor Dom Garcia de Sa, who died on the 13th of June 1549. He was married to a woman, Catherine Pires, ‘the flower of Miragaia’, whose cenotaph is in an apse set into the northern wall of the chapel. Inscribed in marble is the legend ‘Aqui jaz Dona Catarina, mulher de Garcia de Sá, a qual pede a quem isto ler que peça misericórdia a Deus para sua alma’, which translates to ‘Here lies Dona Catarina, wife of Garcia de Sa, who requests the readers of these lines to beg God’s mercy on her soul’.

Visiting

The simplicity of the church is the secret of its beauty. The two towers on the corners of the nave, with the high windows along the sides, give the church the unmistakable appearance of a fortress. Located at a short distance higher up on Monte Santo from the church of St Augustine, it waits to reveal to the visitor why it is a worthy addition to UNESCO’s list of World Heritage Sites. Read more about the Pilgrim Stays Historical Goa itinerary here.